5.OA.2 - About the Math, Learning Targets, and Rigor

Grade 5 Numerical Expressions and Patterns

5.OA.2

Full Standard

Write simple expressions that record calculations with numbers, and interpret numerical expressions without evaluating them. For example, express the calculation “add 8 and 7, then multiply by 2” as 2 × (8 + 7). Recognize that 3 × (18932 + 921) is three times as large as 18932 + 921, without having to calculate the indicated sum or product.

 

Measurement Topic

This standard is reported on the report card in these quarters as follows:

5th Grade Students Learning 5th Grade Standards
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4

 

 

 

Report Card Measurement Topic: Demonstrates understanding of algebraic thinking, expressions, and equations.

4th Grade Students Learning 5th Grade Standards
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4

 

 

 

Report Card Measurement Topic: Demonstrates understanding of patterns, expressions, equations, and algebraic thinking.

 

Learning Targets (I can)

  • Write an expression to represent a situation (i.e. 7 more than 8 is expressed as 8 + 7; 7 times a number is expressed as 7 x n)
  • Analyze expressions by interpreting the relationships among the numbers without evaluating them (i.e. 3 x (750 + 250) is three times as large as 1000.

 

About the Math

  • Write an expression to represent a situation (i.e. 7 more than 8 is expressed as 8 + 7; 7 times a number is expressed as 7 x n)

An expression names a number. An equation describes a relationship between two expressions. A variable is a quantity that can change or vary. Variables are often represented with a letter such as, x, n. Any variable can represent any value. When you evaluate an expression, you substitute a number for every variable in the expression. Students need to write expressions that describe word problems. Use numbers when you know what they are and use variables when you don't know the numbers. Often, expressions and other computations can be performed mentally or conjectures can be made about computations or comparisons without precise calculations. 

Expressions
Operation Word Phrase Algebraic Expression
Addition A number plus 8
Sum of a number and 8
8 more than a number
A number increased by 8
X + 8
Subtraction A number minus 5
The difference between a number and 5
5 less than a number
A number decreased by 5
X - 5
Multiplication 7 times a number
A number multiplied by 7
The product of 7 and a number
7 x n
7 , n
7n
Division A number divided by 9
The quotient of a number and 9
X
9
x ÷ 9

 

  • Analyze expressions by interpreting the relationships among the numbers without evaluating them (i.e. 3 x (750 + 250) is three times as large as 1000.

Reasoning about expressions is helpful for evaluating them and making sense of the results. Properties, such as the Distributive Property, can be applied to expressions. Students should also reason or estimate the results of an expression as shown in the learning target. Another example might be that 5(33 - 10) is more than 125 because 5 x 25 is 125.

Essential vocabulary for this standard includes parenthesis, expression, evaluate, and bracket. 

 

 

Progression of Standard within Grade 5

This progression informs how to develop the standard within the grade level. This progression is provided by HCPSS Elementary Mathematics.

Progression Throughout Year
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4

 

    Revisit if needed.

  • Write an expression to represent a situation (i.e. 7 more than 8 is expressed as 8 + 7).
  • Analyze expressions by interpreting the relationships among the numbers without evaluating them (i.e. 3 x (750 + 250) is three times as large as 1000.

 

 

Progression of this Standard Across Grades

This progression is informed by the Achieve the Core Coherence Map Links to an external site.. Information is not the complete standard.

Progression Across Grades
Grade  Grade 6
This concept is not taught prior to Grade 5.
  • Write, read, and evaluate expressions in which letters stand for numbers (6.EE.2)
  • Apply properties of operations to equivalent expressions (6.EE.3)
  • Identify equivalent expressions (6.EE.4)
  • GCM and LCF (6.NS.4)

 

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