Grade 4 • Mathematics • Multiplication and Division

Grade 4 Mathematics

Multiplication and Division

Place Value: the value of a digit in a number
Digit: a symbol used to show a number
Estimate: an approximate calculation that is close to the exact number based on rounding
Compare: tell how a number is related to another number using >, <, =, or different
Rounding: to find the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand (and so on) (For example, 391 rounds up to 400 and 331 rounds up to 300.)
Expanded Form: writing a number as the sum of the values in each digit
Regrouping: to exchange amounts of equal value to rename a number
Factor: a number that is multiplied by another (factor x factor = product)
Multiple: the product of a given whole number and another whole number
Array: an arrangement of objects in rows and columns
Identity Property: any number times 1 is that number
Commutative Property: changing the order of the factors does not change the product (5 x 7 is the same as 7 x 5)
Associative Property: the way in which 3 numbers are grouped when they are multiplied doesn't change the product (2 x 3) x 4 = 2 x (3 x 4)
Zero Property: any number times 0 is 0
Product: the answer to a multiplication problem
Remainder: the amount left over when a number cannot be divided equally
Divisor: the number that divides the dividend
Dividend: a number being divided
Quotient: the answer after you divide one number by another

Make arrays out of household items (e.g., pennies, beans, blocks).
Select multiplication or division facts to illustrate or write a word problem.
Hunt for multiple sets of objects in the home. Use repeated addition and multiplication to find the totals.
Sort coins according to type, count the number of coins and then multiply to find the total value of pennies (x 1), nickels (x 5), dimes (x 10) and quarters (x 25).
Roll 2 number cubes. Find the products of the factors.
Count quantities of items by 2’s, 3’s, 5’s, and 10’s.
Roll 2 number cubes to determine the factors. Make an array to find the product.
Use a calculator to solve word problems using multiplication and division. For example, Callie wants to buy 20 apples that cost $ .19 each. What is the total cost of her purchase? Michael has 332 quarters. He wants to put them into groups of 4. How many groups will he make?
Act out division problems with counters. For example, Brad has 12 rabbits. He puts the same number of rabbits into each of 4 cages. How many rabbits does Brad put in each cage?
Roll 2 number cubes and write the fact families. For example, for rolls of 4 and 6, write: 4 X 6 = 24, 6 X 4 = 24, 24 ÷ 6 = 4, 24 ÷ 4 = 6.
Ask your child to find the missing factor. For example, 5 X what number = 75?
Practice multiplication and division facts.