Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.
Learning Targets (I can)
Use partial products to multiply multi-digit numbers.
Connect partial products to the standard algorithm for multiplication.
Explain the standard algorithm for multiplication of multi-digit numbers.
Use the standard algorithm to multiply 2-digit by 1-digit factors, 3-digit by 1-digit factors, 4-digit by 1-digit factors, 2-digit by 2-digit factors, 3-digit by 2-digit factors, 4-digit by 2-digit factors and 3-digit by 3-digit factors.
About the Math
Multiplication can be represented by arrays, area models, or by equal jumps on a number line. In order to teach the multiplication algorithm with understanding, models must be used to explain the procedure for using the standard algorithm. Use the area model showing partial products to explain the standard algorithm
Use partial products to multiply multi-digit numbers.
Connect partial products to the standard algorithm for multiplication.
Understanding of the algorithm for multiplying numbers is grounded in understanding of place value, decomposition, and the meaning of multiplication. Students must connect the algorithm to partial products. This happens first as students demonstrate understanding of partial products with factors of different sizes and complexities.
Explain the standard algorithm for multiplication of multi-digit numbers.
Use the standard algorithm to multiply 2-digit by 1-digit factors, 3-digit by 1-digit factors, 4-digit by 1-digit factors, 2-digit by 2-digit factors, 3-digit by 2-digit factors, 4-digit by 2-digit factors and 3-digit by 3-digit factors.
Students use the algorithm to multiply multi-digit factors. Students should be able to explain what is happening within the algorithm and why the algorithm was a good choice for the numbers being multiplied.
This progression informs how to develop the standard within the grade level. This progression is provided by HCPSS Elementary Mathematics.
Progression Throughout Year
Quarter 1
Quarter 2
Quarter 3
Quarter 4
Use partial products to multiply multi-digit numbers.
Connect partial products to the standard algorithm for multiplication.
Explain the standard algorithm for multiplication of multi-digit numbers.
Use the standard algorithm to multiply 2-digit by 1-digit factors, 3-digit by 1-digit factors, 4-digit by 1-digit factors, 2-digit by 2-digit factors, 3-digit by 2-digit factors, 4-digit by 2-digit factors and 3-digit by 3-digit factors.
These tasks can be used with small group or whole group instruction.
Write a 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication problem with a product close to 2,000?
List two numbers whose product is between 400 and 600.
Is 4,000 a reasonable estimate for 312 x 9? Explain your reasoning.
How does the order of the digits in the factors impact the product? (e.g. 452 x 7 compared to 425 x 7)
In a multiplication problem, what happens to the product if each factor is multiplied by 2? What happens to the product if one factor is doubled and the other factor is divided by 2?
Is the product of 42 x 63 over or under 2,400? Use what you know about place value in the standard algorithm to explain your answer.
You multiply two two-digit numbers and the product is close to 2,600.What two numbers did you multiply?
Use 1,2,3,4,5 to make the a multiplication problem with the greatest product? How does the placement of the numbers impact the product?
SLIDE-BASED TASKS
These links are HCPSS created instructional tasks. These tasks are provided in Google slides.These tasks should be used for inspiration and resources, but instruction should start with students having the opportunity to engage with the math first(often involving physical and/or visual models) followed by discussion and explicit instruction to ensure student understanding.
CC Indicates colleague created HCPSS instructional tasks. These tasks are provided in Google slides. When selected, a copy of the file is added to your drive for classroom use.
Tasks From Print Resources
These publications have been provided for each school. They are typically stored in team closets or the media center. Check with your team leader if you cannot find them.
Print Resources
Book Thumbnail
Book Title
Grade
Pages
Teaching Student-Centered Mathematics
3-5
Expanded Lesson: Area Model for Multiplication, Pages 129-130
These resource sheets can be used for independent practice, homework, or assessment. They are intended to reinforce procedures and concepts. They should not be used as a source of direct instruction or whole-group practice.
Use partial products to multiply multi-digit numbers.
Connect partial products to the standard algorithm for multiplication.
Explain the standard algorithm for multiplication of multi-digit numbers.
Use the standard algorithm to multiply 2-digit by 1-digit factors, 3-digit by 1-digit factors, 4-digit by 1-digit factors, 2-digit by 2-digit factors, 3-digit by 2-digit factors, 4-digit by 2-digit factors and 3-digit by 3-digit factors.6
Learning targets identify what students should be able to do. This rubric can be applied to tasks and observations for assessment and/or grading.