5.OA.1 - About the Math, Learning Targets, and Rigor

Full Standard

Use parentheses, brackets, or braces in numerical expressions, and evaluate expressions with these symbols.

Learning Targets (I can)

• Determine how parentheses and brackets affect expressions.
• Use parentheses and brackets to group an expression within a multi-step expression.
• Evaluate expressions with parentheses and brackets.

About the Math

• Determine how parenthesis and brackets affect expressions.
• Use parenthesis and brackets to group an expression within a multi-step expression.
• Evaluate expressions with parenthesis and brackets.

Grouping symbols and the order of operations in general affect expressions. Students should learn about this by evaluating the same expression in different ways (correctly and incorrectly) to determine why the order of operations matters. 

Order of Operations When evaluating expressions, it is necessary to use the order of operations.
The order of operations is a convention that standardizes how we evaluate expressions. Students need to discover that the following is the order:

1. Grouping symbols
2. Exponents
3. Multiplication and Division (left to right)
4. Addition and subtraction (left to right)

Essential vocabulary for this standard includes: parenthesis, expression, evaluate, bracket, and variable. Visit the online dictionary Links to an external site. or visual math dictionary Links to an external site. vocabulary support.

Progression of Standard within Grade 4 G/T

This progression informs how to develop the standard within the grade level. This progression is provided by HCPSS Elementary Mathematics.

Progression of this Standard Across Grades

This progression is informed by the Achieve the Core Coherence Map Links to an external site.. Information is not the complete standard.

TASKS

These tasks can be used with small group or whole group instruction.

• Ty says that 16 - (4 + 4) = 8. Jade says it equals 12. Who do you agree with?
• Do these two equations have the same solution? Why or why not? (18 + 5) x 2 AND 18 + (5 x 2)
• Given 12 ÷ 4 + 2, where should the parentheses be in this equation to make it equal 2?
• Write a numerical expression with at least two operations so that when evaluated it equals 18.
• Why do we need order of operations? What might happen if we didn't have order of operations?

SLIDE-BASED TASKS 

  These links are HCPSS created instructional tasks. These tasks are provided in Google slides. These tasks should be used for inspiration and resources, but instruction should start with students having the opportunity to engage with the math first (often involving physical and/or visual models) followed by discussion and explicit instruction to ensure student understanding.

Additional Tasks 

  These links provide instructional ideas connected to this standard. 

• Watch Out for Parentheses 1 Links to an external site. (Illustrative Mathematics)
• Bowling for Numbers Links to an external site.(Illustrative Mathematics)
• Using Operations and Parentheses Links to an external site.(Illustrative Mathematics)
• Order of Operations Links to an external site. (Georgia Department of Education, pgs. 16-18)
• Trick Answers Links to an external site.(Georgia Department of Education, pgs. 19-22)
• Money For Chores Links to an external site. (Georgia Department of Education, pgs 23-26)
• Digging Dinosaurs Links to an external site. (Inside Mathematics Lesson)
• State Fair Download State Fair
  (Utah Core Academy Lesson)
• State Fair Student Resource Download State Fair Student Resource
  (Utah Core Academy Lesson)
• Movie Download Movie
  (Utah Core Academy Lesson)

Tasks From Print Resources

  These publications have been provided for each school. They are typically stored in team closets or the media center. Check with your team leader if you cannot find them. 

Print Resources

Book Thumbnail	Book Title	Grade	Pages
	Teaching Student-Centered Mathematics	6-8	Stacks of Coins, Activity 10.1, Page 172 Guess My Number, Activity 10.2, Page 173 True or False Equations, Activity 10.3, Page 173 Balls, Balls, Balls, Activity 12.8, Page 233 Number Tricks, Activity 12.9, Page 235
	Hands-On Standards	5-6	104-105 "Distributive Property" 106-110 "Order of Operations"
	Brain-Compatible Activities for Mathematics	4-5	36-40 "Show the Order" 118-120 "Simply, Simplify" 124-126 "What's the Score"
	Number SENSE	4-6	102-106 "Sorting Decimals" 107-110 "Which Is Bigger?" 184-187 "Name a Decimal"
	Math In Practice Teaching Fifth-Grade Math	5	Module 2

Centers

  These print resources can be used during independent or center time. These resources could also be used as lesson seeds.

• Race to the Target Number Download Race to the Target Number
  (HCPSS-adapted print resource)
• Expressions Clock Download Expressions Clock
  (HCPSS-adapted print resource)
• Expresso Links to an external site. (Greg Tang print resource, pictured)
• Expresso Moderate Links to an external site. (Greg Tang print resource)
• Expresso Advanced Links to an external site.(Greg Tang print resource)

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE/HOMEWORK/ASSESSMENT

  These resource sheets can be used for independent practice, homework, or assessment. They are intended to reinforce procedures and concepts. They should not be used as a source of direct instruction or whole-group practice.

• Order of Operations a Links to an external site.
• Order of Operations b Links to an external site.

• Evaluate and Explain Expression Using ParenthesesLinks to an external site.
• Explain Meaning of Parentheses in an ExpressionLinks to an external site.
• Create and Explain an Expression Using ParenthesesLinks to an external site.
• Use Parentheses to Group Expressions in a Multi-Step ExpressionLinks to an external site.

Learning Targets

• Determine how parentheses and brackets affect expressions.
• Use parentheses and brackets to group an expression within a multi-step expression.
• Evaluate expressions with parentheses and brackets.

Learning targets identify what students should be able to do. The resources below can be used to measure student understanding of the standard. This rubric can be applied to tasks and observations for assessment and/or grading. 

Rubric for Tasks Links to an external site.